Key Exam Questions Key Topics That May Appear in the Exam: Ethics Trust Affect-based trust Cognition-based trust Whistle-blowing Informational justice Interpersonal justice Procedural justice Distributive justice Moral intensity Moral judgment Cognitive moral development Ethical behavior Moral awareness Moral sensitivity Corporate social responsibility (CSR) Learning Objectives In what three sources can trust be rooted? What dimensions can be used to describe the fairness of an authority’s decision making? What dimensions can be used to describe the trustworthiness of an authority? What is the four-component model of ethical decision making? What is trust, and how does it relate to justice and ethics? What steps can organizations take to become more trustworthy?

How does trust affect job performance and organizational commitment?

________ is defined as the degree to which employees can devote their attention to work, as opposed to perpetrating or being victimized by office politics.

Moral intensity

Ability to focus

Moral awareness

Moral judgment

Trust propensity

Which of the following is a feature of social exchange relationships between organizations and employees?

a narrow definition of work demands

an explicit repayment schedule

advance knowledge of occupational obligations

impersonal and contractual exchanges

mutual investment

Yuka has a great relationship with her boss, Oliver. Oliver demands a lot of his employees, but he gives a lot in return in the form of not only bonuses and other incentives, but also sincere praise and personal accolades. He often asks Yuka for her opinion about things outside her area of expertise, and he communicates that he finds her to be a smart, capable person. As a result, Yuka has no qualms about staying late and taking on extra duties. Which of the following is most likely True about the way Yuka views her job responsibilities?

Even though she appreciates Oliver, she sometimes feels taken advantage of.

Her behavior is based primarily on the fact that she has a high propensity for trust.

Her respect for Oliver is based on his integrity and is more rational than emotional in nature.

Even though she loves her job, it is still just a job, and she would leave if she got a better offer.

She has an emotional connection to Oliver and feels theirs is a mutually beneficial relationship.

As trust increases between employees and their authorities, ________ relationships develop that are based on vaguely defined obligations that are open-ended and long term in their repayment schedule.

cognition-based trust

social exchange

disposition-based trust

economic exchange

contractual

Which of the following is a feature of economic exchange relationships between organizations and employees?

an explicit repayment schedule

open-ended job demands

affective and normative organizational commitment

vaguely defined obligations

mutual investment

Employees who trust their authorities have ________ relationships that are based on vague, open-ended obligations.

emotional

economic exchange

transactional

mutually committed

social exchange

Playing politics or covering one's backside has a negative effect on employees' job performance, because it hampers their

continuance commitment.

normative commitment.

affective commitment.

ability to focus.

social exchange.

Lourdes' boss, Miguel, has a temper and has been known to chew employees out for minor infractions, and his behavior is changing the workplace. Given what you know about trust, what is Lourdes most likely experiencing?

Lourdes feels as though she might have to become a whistleblower in order to save the company from Miguel's actions.

Lourdes finds herself working more slowly and erratically as she steels herself for another one of Miguel's outbursts.

Lourdes is working more efficiently than ever because she knows Miguel's focus is on the work of other employees.

Lourdes's relationship with Miguel is developing into one based on vaguely defined obligations.

Lourdes feels like she can trust Miguel to look out for her interests as an employee.

Which of the following has been proven in research studying the impact of trust on performance and commitment?

Trust has a strong positive effect on performance.

Trust has no effect on citizenship behavior.

Trust makes employees less likely to engage in counterproductive behaviors.

Trust has a strong positive relationship with continuance commitment.

Trust has a weak positive correlation with affective and normative commitment.

Economic exchanges are impersonal and resemble contractual agreements, such that employees agree to fulfill the duties in their job description in exchange for financial compensation.

In the context of trust and job performance, the ability to focus reflects the degree to which employees can devote their attention to work, as opposed to engaging in workplace politics or saving themselves from problems like abusive supervision.

In what three sources can trust be rooted?

In some ways, Colin is not a very good manager. He can be disorganized and flaky, and he often foists his own job responsibilities off onto others. However, his staff love him because he has a lot of personal charm and lets them do things like bring their pets to work. Colin's staff displays ________-based trust in him.

affect

integrity

disposition

cognition

reputation

Just a week into their new jobs in the marketing and advertising division of a cell phone company, Alexa, Nigel, and Laraine were given the task of creating an advertising campaign for the company's new phone. Alexa and Nigel are having a lot of trouble coming up with anything creative, so when Laraine volunteers to take over, they readily agree. Although they know little about Laraine's skills in this area, they believe she will do a good job. Which of the following is True with regard to Alexa and Nigel?

They use a rational assessment to arrive at the conclusion that Laraine will do a good job.

They exhibit a high degree of trustworthiness in executing the job they were given.

Nigel presently shares a mentor-protégé relationship with Laraine.

They have a high degree of disposition-based trust.

They have a high level of cognition-based trust.

Kathryn was bullied as a child and later married a man who lied and stole money from her. Kathryn is not likely to demonstrate ________ trust.

disposition-based

cognitive-based

affect-based

organizationally based

justice-based

Raheem recently hired a new assistant, Cathy. At his office, he often receives confidential letters and documents regarding work, as well as some personal mail, including financial statements. As Raheem often spends much of his day in meetings, he has asked Cathy to collect his mail and leave it on his desk to sort through later. When Cathy gives him the mail, Raheem trusts that she has not stolen or opened any of it. Raheem has a high degree of

cognition-based trust.

power-based trust.

moral awareness.

trust propensity.

gullibility.

It is argued that ________ represents a sort of faith in human nature.

cognition-based trust

trust propensity

competence

ability

rational assessment

Kamal is looking for a part-time job. He has several acquaintances who have worked for SlamDogs Burgers and Dogs, a restaurant chain. They say that the company pays well, has a good company culture, and treats its employees with respect. Plus, its high quality and affordable food and the cleanliness of its establishments make it extremely popular with the public-in fact, Kamal loves going to SlamDogs and has eaten there on a regular basis since he was a child. Kamal thinks SlamDogs sounds like a good place to work and decides to fill out an application. What can you deduce based on his decision?

Kamal has a high trust propensity because he trusts the word of his friends.

His trust in the company reflects the fact that he is naïve and has a natural faith in human nature.

His decision is rational and is based on subjective as well as objective information about the company.

His information is subjective; he really has no way of knowing if SlamDogs would be a good place to work.

His decision is mainly emotional and is based on his affection for the company and his personal experience there.

________ refers to a general expectation that the words, promises, and statements of individuals and groups can be relied upon.

Trust propensity

Moral judgment

Moral awareness

Moral intensity

Propriety

When trust is rooted in a rational assessment of the authority's trustworthiness, it is called ________ trust.

disposition-based

affect-based

cognition-based

power-based

feeling-based

Cognition-based trust is driven by the trustor's faith in human nature.

The importance of trust propensity is most obvious in interactions with strangers, in which any acceptance of vulnerability would amount to blind trust.

What dimensions can be used to describe the fairness of an authority's decision making?

In 1989, Jeffrey Wigand was a scientist working for tobacco company Brown and Williamson. When he discovered that the company was adding carcinogenic substances to increase the impact of its tobacco, he was fired from his job. In 1996, he went on the TV news show 60 Minutes to reveal this information to the public. His allegations resulted in many state lawsuits that ultimately won $368 billion in settlements against the company, along with greater scrutiny of the tobacco industry. This scenario reflects Wigand's

preconventional moral reasoning.

whistleblowing.

bias suppression.

trust propensity.

abusive supervision.

________ is defined as the process by which employees expose illegal or immoral actions by their employer.

Social exchange

Whistleblowing

Abusive supervision

Distributive justice

Economic exchange

Which of the following is an example of an especially ethical behavior?

moral awareness

economic exchange

abusive supervision

legal compliance

whistleblowing

The ________ rule requires that the decision-making procedures and outcomes that the authorities explain to employees be honest and candid.

accuracy

respect

informational

equity

truthfulness

Informational justice is fostered when authorities adhere to the rules of

voice and accuracy.

justification and truthfulness.

equity and equality.

consistency and accuracy.

respect and propriety.

Marco and Sam lost their jobs when the recession hit and their company had to lay off many of its employees. However, a few workers in their department with less seniority than Marco and Sam kept their jobs. When they confronted their supervisor about this, he offered only vague answers and changed the subject quickly. Given what you know about justice in organizations, why do you think their supervisor might have behaved this way?

It is not standard practice for large companies to explain the reasons for laying off large numbers of lower-level employees.

Many managers find sharing bad news to be stressful, leading them to distance themselves rather than to explain decisions.

Their manager was engaging in a passive form of abusive supervision--Sam and Marco likely have a legal case.

Low levels of information tend to prevent wrongful termination claims because most employees just give up.

Honest and adequate explanations actually tend to increase retaliation responses against the organization.

Which of the following is an informational justice rule?

truthfulness

consistency

equity

bias suppression

propriety

Informational justice reflects the perceived fairness of the ________ provided to employees from the authorities.

remuneration

communication

management

guidance

supervision

________ is defined as the sustained display by a manager of hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviors, excluding physical contact.

Trust propensity

Bias suppression

Justification

Whistle-blowing

Abusive supervision

Companies that engage in civility training are most likely concerned about ________ justice.

interpersonal

procedural

ethical

legal

perceived

Josh, who is nearing retirement, often makes improper or offensive remarks to younger employees. Which rule is Josh violating?

propriety

justification

truthfulness

accuracy

voice

Which of the following represent the two interpersonal justice rules?

voice and correctability

justification and truthfulness

equity and equality

consistency and accuracy

respect and propriety

Bruce, a first-line supervisor at Lou's Market, regularly uses abusive and derogatory words when dealing with his subordinates. Many employees have also heard Bruce refer to specific employees with inappropriate labels ridiculing their ethnicity, names, or weaknesses. From the scenario, it can be concluded that workers at Lou's lack ________ justice.

distributive

informational

procedural

interpersonal

restorative

Which of the following is an interpersonal justice rule?

truthfulness

consistency

equity

accuracy

propriety

Interpersonal justice is fostered when authorities adhere to which two particular rules?

the propriety rule and the equity rule

the respect rule and the accuracy rule

the respect rule and the propriety rule

the truthfulness rule and the respect rule

the propriety rule and the consistency rule

Which of the following is a procedural justice rule of fair process?

voice

justification

equality

respect

propriety

Synergy Laboratories has a very liberal atmosphere in which all employees are welcome to participate in the decision-making process. The company values the feedback and suggestions given by the employees, who in turn are pleased that they are able to express their opinions freely. Which of the following dimensions of justice is the company promoting by giving its employees voice?

informational justice

procedural justice

distributive justice

interpersonal justice

retributive justice

Procedural justice is defined as a dimension of justice that reflects the perceived ________ of decision-making processes.

fairness

timeliness

organization

ethics

equity

Which of the following is the norm that is typically judged to be the most appropriate choice in situations in which the goal is to maximize harmony and solidarity in work groups?

unification

equity

equality

reciprocity

standards

Sunshine Foods, Inc., has a human resources policy that does not allow its newly hired employees to work on committee projects or get involved in union meetings. This is done to ensure that the new employees can concentrate on their work without getting distracted. Which of the following allocation norms has Sunshine Foods adopted?

standard norm

equity norm

reciprocity norm

need norm

equality norm

When organizations protect new employees from committee assignments and other extra activities so that they can get their careers off to a productive start, they are using the ________ norm type of allocation norms.

propensity

need

reciprocity

equity

equality

Manuela and Noor were incensed when their company decided to get rid of its onsite childcare center and expand its gym and sports facilities instead. They find it outrageous that the company did not factor its employees' wants and needs into its decision, especially given the fact that 47 percent of its employees have children still living at home. Manuela and Noor feel that ________ justice was not served.

distributive

procedural

interpersonal

informational

adaptive

Which of the following is an allocation norm under which all group members receive exactly the same outcome on a project regardless of their individual productivity levels?

propensity norm

need norm

equity norm

reciprocity norm

equality norm

The managers at Telstar, a public relations firm, have noticed that the employees are not team players and are primarily focused on achieving individual goals. Management wants to change this attitude and works to create a reward system in which all group members would receive exactly the same outcome, regardless of their individual productivity levels, to promote their ability to work effectively in groups. Which of the following allocation norms would you recommend for this purpose?

standard norm

consensus norm

equity norm

equality norm

propensity norm

The ________ norm is typically judged to be the fairest choice in situations in which the goal is to maximize the productivity of individual employees.

equity

equality

need

standard

prescriptive

Kelvin has worked for his company for two years and had to take on additional responsibilities when his colleague Charles retired. However, his managers have not given him a pay raise that he feels rightly compensates him for his increased workload. Kelvin finally decides to quit and begins looking for another job. His resentment related to his pay reflects the lack of ________ justice in the company that he works for.

informational

distributive

retributive

procedural

interpersonal

When employees evaluate outcomes such as pay, rewards, and promotions to determine whether they are allocated using proper norms, they are applying the ________ type of justice.

informational

procedural

distributive

interpersonal

retributive

________ justice is when decision-making outcomes are perceived as fair.

Procedural

Interpersonal

Informational

Distributive

Restorative

Descriptive ethics evolved with scholars in philosophy debating how people ought to act using various codes and principles.

Low levels of informational justice can make an organization vulnerable to wrongful termination claims.

Interpersonal justice is fostered when authorities adhere to two particular rules: the justification rule and the truth rule.

Procedural justice tends to be a stronger driver of reactions to authorities than distributive justice.

Anya, a manager at Marquette Industries, is always very careful to award bonuses and other rewards to her subordinates based on each individual's performance and contribution. Anya is concerned with interpersonal justice.

Employees gauge procedural justice by asking whether decision outcomes, such as pay, rewards, evaluations, promotions, and work assignments, are allocated using proper norms.

What dimensions can be used to describe the trustworthiness of an authority?

Affect-based trust is driven by the

authority's track record.

authority's strengths and weakness.

trustor's disposition.

trustor's feelings for the trustee.

trustor's rational assessment of the trustee.

In the case of ________-based trust, we rationally evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of an authority along the dimensions of ability, integrity, and benevolence.

cognition

mentor

affect

emotion

disposition

In the case of ________-based trust, our trust arises mostly from the emotional feelings we have for the authority.

cognition

authority

affect

rational

disposition

In the case of ________-based trust, we rationally evaluate the strengths and weaknesses of an authority along the dimensions of ability, integrity, and benevolence.

cognition

mentor

affect

emotion

disposition

Benevolence is defined as the perception that the authority

wants to aid the trustor.

has a high degree of competence.

is the most qualified person for the job.

has acceptable values and principles.

believes in personal responsibility.

When authorities are perceived as benevolent, it means that they

care for employees, are concerned about their well-being, and feel a sense of loyalty to them.

display hostile verbal and nonverbal behaviors, excluding physical contact.

reward employees for exposing illegal or immoral actions by their organization.

lack a general expectation that the words and promises of employees can be relied upon.

hinder employees' ability to focus, which reflects the degree to which employees can devote their attention to work.

Bao is the art director at Blue Cat Publishing, a publisher of art monographs, coffee-table books, and several niche lifestyle magazines. He has an art degree, and he won many awards for his design work before he took over the branding and marketing at Blue Cat. Even though Bao's employees do not always understand his thinking and find Bao to be introverted and difficult to talk to, they all have huge respect for his talent and vision for the company. In fact, the company has received many accolades for its overall branding since Bao took over the department. Which of the following is most likely True about Bao's employees at Blue Cat?

Their trust in Bao is due to their propensity to have faith in people.

They believe that Bao cares about them personally, and this makes them loyal to him.

Their trust in Bao stems from their belief in his personal integrity, character, and principles.

Their trust in Bao is based more on emotion than on reason; basically, his employees like him.

Their trust in Bao is based on his proven track record and his demonstrated expertise in his field.

Which of the following dimensions of trustworthiness is defined as the belief that the authority wants to do good for the trustor, apart from any selfish or profit-centered motives?

good will

competence

benevolence

trust propensity

actualization

________ is a dimension of trustworthiness, defined as the skills, competencies, and areas of expertise, that enable an authority to be successful in some specific context.

Character

Benevolence

Personality

Ability

Affect

Which of the following drives cognition-based trust?

the trustor's disposition

the authority's track record

the trustor's trust propensity

the trustor's intuitive feelings

the trustor's affect-based trust

The characteristics or attributes of a trustee that inspire trust are defined as one's

moral intensity.

trust propensity.

propriety.

trustworthiness.

ability.

Laraine, who studied marketing and public relations in college, reviewed numerous articles, studied the new phone thoroughly, and came up with a campaign that received good reviews from her team leaders. Her success in creating a good campaign for the new phone completely on her own reflects her

social consensus.

ability.

proximity.

trust propensity.

morality.

Affect-based trust is seen in a select few relationships.

Ability is defined as the belief that the authority wants to do good for the trustor, apart from any selfish or profit-centered motives.

Darien has just started a new job. His coworkers tell him that their manager is very unselfish and always keeps her promises. In addition, she is the leading expert in the company on product development. As a result of this information, Darien is likely to develop cognition-based trust in his manager.

What is the four-component model of ethical decision making?

An individual could argue that smashing a window to save a dog trapped in a hot car is defensible and ethical. This rationale is based on which of the following principles?

the ethics of rights

the ethics of duties

egoism

utilitarianism

virtue ethics

Tamara is considering accepting a bribe from a company bidding on a construction project even though she knows that the company has engaged in dangerous practices in the past. She knows her family, friends, coworkers, and managers would all consider this action unethical, but the money could pay for a really nice vacation. This decision is causing her a great deal of stress. Tamara is feeling a high level of

stress based on personal principles.

virtue ethics based on utilitarianism.

moral awareness based on moral intent.

moral intensity based on social consensus.

ethical awareness based on social consensus.

Not only is Jayesh perceived by his employees as a kind and fair boss, but he is very committed to local initiatives. For example, he donates a percentage of company profits to a prison rehabilitation program, and the company participates in numerous charity events. Jayesh's behavior suggests his ________ is very important to him.

moral awareness

ethical identity

sense of justice

moral identity

moral intent

________ is defined as the degree to which people see themselves as moral.

Moral judgment

Moral identity

Trust propensity

Moral awareness

Moral intensity

________ is the third step in the four-component model of ethical decision making and reflects an authority's degree of commitment to the moral course of action.

Moral attentiveness

Moral awareness

Moral intensity

Moral judgment

Moral intent

According to the principle of ________, an act is considered to be morally right if it allows the decision maker to lead a good life by adhering to virtues like wisdom, honesty, courage, friendship, mercy, loyalty, modesty, and patience.

ethics of rights

ethics of duties

egoism

virtue ethics

utilitarianism

Which of the following specific principles considers an act to be morally right if the decision maker freely decides to pursue either short-term or long-term interests?

egoism

ethics of rites

ethics of rights

ethics of duties

virtue ethics

According to the principle of ________, an act is morally right if the decision maker freely decides to pursue short-or long-term interests.

egoism

ethics of rights

ethics of duties

virtue ethics

utilitarianism

At the postconventional stage of moral development, right versus wrong is established on the basis of

consequences of various actions for the individual.

expectations of one's family and one's society.

stereotypes about what is considered right.

laws, rules, and orders that govern society.

a set of defined, established moral principles.

Moral development at the conventional stage is characterized by

an emphasis on laws, rules, and orders that govern society.

self-interest and a lack of loyalty, gratitude, or fairness.

a set of defined, established moral principles.

specific principles like utilitarianism and egoism.

the desire to obtain pleasure and avoid pain regardless of any concern about moral order.

Which of the following is a feature of moral development at the preconventional stage?

Right versus wrong is referenced to the expectations of one's family and one's society.

Concepts such as doing one's duty and maintaining the social order come to be valued for their own sakes.

People come to emphasize the laws, rules, and orders that govern society.

Right versus wrong is referenced to a set of defined, established moral principles.

Morality is practiced to avoid punishment regardless of any concern about moral order.

The final step in the four-component model of ethical decision making is

ethical behavior.

ethical identity.

moral intent.

moral awareness.

Which of the following statements differentiates between moral intensity and moral attentiveness?

Moral intensity is an exclusive function of employees, while moral attentiveness must be maintained by all employees.

Moral intensity reflects the degree to which one perceives oneself as being a moral person, while moral attentiveness reflects the organization's perception of the moral behavior of its employees.

Moral intensity captures the degree to which an issue has ethical urgency, while moral attentiveness captures the degree to which people chronically perceive and consider issues of morality during their experiences.

Moral intensity is measured by its consequences and effect, while moral attentiveness is measured by previous ethical actions and behaviors.

Moral intensity is constant across people of different nations, while moral attentiveness changes from one society to another.

Several managers at Fletcher's company were publicly accused of sexual harassment by an ex-employee of the company. The press immediately latched onto the story and it went viral on the Internet. This is an example of a situation with high

moral awareness.

ethical intensity.

moral intensity.

social pressure.

virtue ethics.

________ occurs when an authority recognizes than an ethical principle is relevant to the situation.

Trust propensity

Moral awareness

Moral identity

Moral intensity

Moral ability

________ is defined as the authority's act of recognizing that a moral issue exists in a situation or that an ethical standard or principle is relevant to the circumstance.

Ethical behavior

Moral judgment

Moral intent

Trust propensity

Moral awareness

The third step in the four-component model of ethical decision making is

ethical behavior.

moral awareness.

moral identity.

moral intent.

trust propensity.

The first step in the four-component model of ethical decision making is

moral intent.

moral judgment.

ethical behavior.

moral awareness.

moral identity.

Which of the following is not a factor in the four-component model of ethical decision making?

moral sensitivity

moral awareness

moral intent

ethical behavior

moral judgment

All people move through the preconventional and conventional stages and finally operate from the postconventional stage of moral development.

Kohlberg's theory of cognitive moral development proposes that as people age and mature, they move through the preconventional, postconventional, and principled stages of moral development.

What is trust, and how does it relate to justice and ethics?

Trust is defined as the willingness to be vulnerable to a trustee based on positive expectations about the trustee's actions and intentions.

Trust in authorities like the management in a firm depends on which two factors?

justice and perception of power

competence and legitimacy

ethics and responsibility

commitment and ethics

justice and ethics

________ reflects the degree to which the behaviors of an authority are in accordance with generally accepted moral norms.

Ethics

Justice

Competence

Trust

Morality

Jay, Kuo, and Elaine's company has an opening for a manager, and all three of them apply. However, Elaine, who has been with the company the longest and has a business degree, gets the job. Although Jay and Kuo are disappointed, they most likely agree that the company's decision reflects a high level of

trustworthiness.

favoritism.

authority.

justice.

bias.

When employees perceive high levels of ________, they believe that decision outcomes are fair and that decision-making processes are designed and implemented in a fair manner.

risk

profit-centered motives

social responsibility

justice

economic exchange

Mariel is in the market to buy a used car. Her friend Mika tells her that she should avoid City Motors. Mika's boyfriend bought his car there, and it breaks down constantly. Mariel talks to several other friends who agree with Mika. Their judgment reflects the fact that City Motors has

poor ethics.

bad marketing.

a poor reputation.

high trustworthiness.

good after-sales service.

Justice reflects the perceived fairness of an authority's

corporate social responsibility.

ethical orientation.

decision making.

benign power.

morality.

________ is the willingness to be vulnerable to an authority based on positive expectations about the authority's actions and intentions.

Trust

Credence

Consensus

Ethics

Proximity

Justice reflects the actual fairness of an authority's decision making.

Jasmine met Lee at her apartment pool and agreed to go out on a date with him that evening. She has often gone out with people she just met. Her agreement to go out with him when she just met him demonstrates affect-based trust.

What steps can organizations take to become more trustworthy?

Two years ago, Tanaka Technologies, an international manufacturer of smart appliances, opened a location in Springville and created a huge amount of jobs in the area. Glenn works at Tanaka in the accounting department. Overall, he likes his job, even though the benefits could be better, and he thinks the company could be more diverse than it is. Moreover, the management is not very invested in its corporate social responsibility-in fact, within the first year, it was hit with a number of fines for violating local environmental regulations. Following this, the company did rectify the situation by installing a compliance team, but Glenn and other people in Springville feel the company is neglecting its citizenship responsibilities. What could Tanaka do in order to improve its corporate social responsibility in this area?

focus on improving diversity as there are few minorities in senior positions

offer employees more incentives and bonuses for achievements

offer better company benefits, like dental and vision coverage

institute volunteer initiatives to work with local charities

invest in training and development programs for staff

Which of the following is a unique feature of the citizenship component of corporate social responsibility?

It demands that organizations follow the prescribed ethical codes for their business.

It proposes that law represents society's codification of right and wrong and must therefore be followed.

It ensures legal compliance so that a company's reputation is protected against allegations like violation of intellectual property rights or labor laws.

It argues that organizations should contribute resources to improve the quality of life in the communities in which they work.

It represents the conventional level of moral development.

While fulfilling the ethical component of corporate social responsibility, an organization does what is right, just, and fair. This suggests that the organization has reached the ________ level of moral development.

preconventional

principled

preoperational

conventional

metaphysical

Fulfilling the legal component of corporate social responsibility suggests that the organization has reached the ________ level of moral development.

preconventional

principled

postconventional

conventional

preoperational

________ is a perspective that acknowledges that the responsibility of a business encompasses the economic, legal, ethical, and citizenship expectations of society.

Corporate social responsibility

Social exchange theory

Rational choice and responsibility

Consequential egoism

Predicted outcome value theory

Efforts to improve the quality of life in the communities in which organizations work is typically an effort that comes under the citizenship component of corporate social responsibility.

The legal component of corporate social responsibility argues that the law represents society's codification of right and wrong and must, therefore, be followed.

Which of the following is True with regard to affect-based trust?

Affect-based trust depends completely on the trustor's propensity to trust.

Affect-based trust is more rational than emotional.

Affect-based trust relies on our feelings.

Affect-based trust is rooted in reason and analysis.

Affect-based trust is the most commonly seen type of trust.

Which of the following is True with regard to trust propensity?

The importance of trust propensity is seen in interactions with family and friends.

Trust propensity is most likely to be seen in people who display cognition-based trust.

Trust propensity is a product of both nature and nurture.

Trust propensity refers to the use of track records and rational assessments in making decisions.

Low trust propensity is ideal as it prevents us from trusting others who are not trustworthy.